A Nationally Determined Contribution, or NDC, is a country’s pledge outlining its specific commitments and actions to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change under the Paris Agreement.
Each country signed up to the Paris Agreement is required to update its NDC every five years under a ratcheting process designed to push for greater climate action and close the global emissions gap between where collective NDCs currently reach and what’s needed to keep the world at 2C, and preferably 1.5C, of warming above pre-industrial levels.